01 Intangiriro nziza
Coolant, nkuko izina ryerekana, ni ibintu byamazi bikoreshwa mubukonje, bigomba kuba bifite ubushobozi bwo kubika ubukonje. Hariho ikintu muri kamere ari coolant nziza, ni amazi. Birazwi neza ko amazi azakonja mugihe cyimbeho mugihe ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 0 ° C. Mubyukuri, inzira yo gukonjesha ni uko amazi meza yahinduwe mumazi akomeye mububiko bwubukonje. Muri iki gikorwa, ubushyuhe bwa rubura-amazi kuvama kugeza 0 ° C kugeza amazi ahinduka rwose mu rubura, muri iki gihe ububiko bukonje burangira. Iyo ubushyuhe bwo hanze bwurubura burenze 0 ° C, urubura ruzinjiza ubushyuhe bwibidukikije hanyuma bashonga buhoro buhoro mumazi. Mugihe cyo gushonga, ubushyuhe bwa ice-amazi kuvanga buri gihe 0 ° C kugeza urubura rushonga rwose mumazi. Muri iki gihe, imbaraga zikonje zabitswe mumazi.
Mubikorwa byavuzwe haruguru byo guhinduranya hagati ya barafu n'amazi, ubushyuhe bwamazi ya barafu buri gihe kuri 0 ℃ kandi bizamara igihe runaka. Ni ukubera ko amazi ari icyiciro cyicyiciro kuri 0 ℃, kirangwa no guhindura icyiciro. Amazi ahinduka akomeye (exothermic), ihamye ihinduka amazi (entothermic), kandi ubushyuhe ntibuzahinduka mugihe runaka mugiciro cyicyiciro mugihe cyicyiciro cyicyiciro (ni ukuvuga, bizakomeza kwikuramo cyangwa kurekura ubushyuhe bunini mugihe runaka).
Icyiciro rusange cyicyiciro gihinduka coolant mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi ni "kuzigama" imbuto, imboga n'ibiryo bishya. Ibi biryo biroroshye kwangirika mubushyuhe bwinshi. Kugirango dusangire gushya, dushobora gukoresha icyiciro guhindura coolant kugirango uhindure ubushyuhe bwibidukikije kugirango tugere ku ngaruka zo kugenzura ubushyuhe no kubungabunga ubushyuhe no kubungabunga ubushyuhe no kubungabunga ubushyuhe no kubungabunga ubushyuhe no kubungabunga ubushyuhe no kuzigama:
02 aPplication yaUbukonje coolant
Ku mbuto, imboga n'ibiryo bishya bisaba ububiko bukonje, ice ice zikonje zizakonje kuri -7 ℃ byibuze amasaha 12 (kugirango umenye ko amapaki ya coolant yuzuye) mbere yo gukwirakwiza. Mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza, ice ice zikonje kandi ibiryo bigomba gushyirwa mu gasanduku gakonje hamwe. Gukoresha ipaki ya barafu biterwa nubunini bwisanduku ikonje hamwe nibibazo. Agasanduku kanini agasanduku kanini kandi igihe kirekire ibituba ni, Ibice byinshi bya ice bizakoreshwa. Inzira rusange yo gukora ni izi zikurikira:
03 aPplication yaGukonjeshwa
Kuri ibiryo bishya bikonje bisaba 0 ℃ Ububiko bukonje, bukonjesha bukonje kuri -18 ℃ byibuze amasaha 12 (kugirango umenye ko amapaki ya ice akonjeshwa yuzuye) mbere yo kugabura. Mugihe cyo kugabana, ipara ikonje hamwe nibiryo bizashyirwa muri innibator hamwe. Gukoresha ipaki ya barafu biterwa nubunini bwagasanduku gakonje hamwe nigihe cyibitekerezo. Ikinini kinini gikonje nicyo gihe kirekire ibituba ni, Ibice byinshi bya ice bizakoreshwa. Inzira rusange yo gukora ni izi zikurikira:
04 Ibihimbano & Ibyifuzo byakoreshejwe
Hamwe na societe, imibereho yabantu iragenda hejuru kandi hejuru, hamwe na inshuro yo kugura kumurongo muri smor ntabwo iriyongera. Ibiryo byinshi bishya kandi bikonje biroroshye kwangirika mugukoresha ubwikorezi nta "kugenzura ubushyuhe no kubungabunga". Gushyira mu bikorwa "icyiciro guhindura coolant" byabaye amahitamo meza. Ibiryo bishya kandi bikonje byagenze neza ubushyuhe bugenzurwa kandi bugumana gushya, ubuzima bwabantu bwateye imbere cyane.
Hamwe no gukoresha kenshi 0 ℃ na ice ifu ya ice ifu, ibisigazwa bikonje kuva kubyutsa ipaki mugihe cyo gutwara abantu babangamiye umutekano wibiribwa? Bizatera ingaruka kumubiri wabantu iyo ufunzwe utabizi? Mu gusubiza ibyo bibazo, dukora amabwiriza akurikira kubipaki bya ice:
| Izina | Ibicuruzwa | Ibikoreshos | TIbiroriRaporo y'Ikizamini |
| Imbeho Ice Ipaki |
| Pe / pa | Raporo y'ibiryo bya firime (raporo No / CTT2005010279CN) Umwanzuro:Nk'uko "GB 4806.7-2016 Umutekano w'ibiribwa mu biribwa - Ibikoresho bya plastike n'ibicuruzwa byo guhuza ibiryo", kwimuka kwimuka, ibisabwa, ikizamini cyo kuri decolorisation, icyuma kiremereye (kibarwa nubuyobozi) na potasim permasiyute ibitsina byose byujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu. |
| SodiumPolyacrylate | Raporo yuburozi bwo mu kanwa (Raporo 16-03138-01) Umwanzuro:Dukurikije ibipimo bya "GB15193.3-2014 Umutekano w'ibiribwa - Ikizamini cy'uburozi bukabije", umunwa utanga amasoke LD50 y'iyi sample kuri ICR>10000mg / kg. Ukurikije ibyiciro byuburozi bikaze, ni iy'urwego rutari uburozi. | ||
| Amazi | |||
| Frozan Ice Ipaki |
| Pe / pa | Raporo y'ibiryo bya firime (raporo No / CTT2005010279CN) Umwanzuro:Nk'uko "GB 4806.7-2016 Umutekano w'ibiribwa mu biribwa - Ibikoresho bya plastike n'ibicuruzwa byo guhuza ibiryo", kwimuka kwimuka, ibisabwa, ikizamini cyo kuri decolorisation, icyuma kiremereye (kibarwa nubuyobozi) na potasim permasiyute ibitsina byose byujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu. |
| PotasiyumuCshride | Raporo yuburozi bwo mu kanwa (Raporo Oya. / Ash19-050323-01) Umwanzuro:Dukurikije ibipimo bya "GB15193.3-2014 Umutekano w'ibiribwa - Ikizamini cy'uburozi bukabije", umunwa utanga amasoke LD50 y'iyi sample kuri ICR>5000mg / kg. Ukurikije ibyiciro byuburozi bikaze, ni iy'urwego rutari uburozi. | ||
| Cmc | |||
| Amazi | |||
| Amagambo | Firigo kandi ikonjeice packsbageragejwe na laboratoire yigihugu yitabiri: Umufuka wo hanze ni ibiryo byoroshye, kandi ibikoresho byimbere nibikoresho bitari uburozi. Ibyifuzo:Niba ibikoresho byimbere bimenetse kandi bihuye nibiryo, nyamuneka woge hamwe namazi yiruka. Niba utabishaka urya urubura mutogupakira imbere Ibikoresho, uburyo bwo kuvura bushingiye ku bihe nyirubwite, niba nta bimenyetso bitameze neza, nka Nasesea, kuruka, ububabare bwo munda, impiswi, nibindi, Urashobora gukomezategereza kandiItegereze, unywe amazi menshi kugirango ufashe uruburaipaki ibikubiye mu mubiri; Ariko niba hari ibimenyetso bitameze neza, birasabwa kujya mubitaro mugihe cyaumwugakwivuza, no kuzana uruburaipakiKorohereza kuvurwa. | ||
Igihe cya nyuma: Jul-01-2022