I. Ibipimo byubushyuhe rusange kuri Cold Chain Logistics
Ibicuruzwa bikonje bikonje bivuga inzira yo gutwara ibicuruzwa biva mu karere k’ubushyuhe bikajya mu kindi mu bipimo by’ubushyuhe bugenzurwa, bikareba ubwiza n’umutekano by’ibicuruzwa.Iminyururu ikonje ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’ibiribwa, imiti, n’amavuta yo kwisiga, bigira uruhare runini mu kwizeza umutekano n’umutekano.Ubushyuhe rusange muri rusange iminyururu ikonje iri hagati ya -18 ° C na 8 ° C, ariko ubwoko bwibicuruzwa butandukanye busaba ubushyuhe butandukanye.
1.1 Ubusanzwe Ubukonje Bwuzuye Ubushyuhe Ubushyuhe
Ubushyuhe buringaniye kuminyururu ikonje buratandukanye bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa.Ubushuhe bukonje bukonje buringaniye nibi bikurikira:
1. Ubushyuhe bwa Ultra-Buke: Munsi ya -60 ° C, nka ogisijeni y'amazi na azote yuzuye.
2. Gukonja cyane: -60 ° C kugeza kuri -30 ° C, nka ice cream hamwe ninyama zafunzwe.
3. Gukonjesha: -30 ° C kugeza kuri -18 ° C, nk'ibiryo byo mu nyanja bikonje n'inyama nshya.
4. Gukonjesha cyane: -18 ° C kugeza kuri -12 ° C, nka surimi ninyama z amafi.
5. Gukonjesha: -12 ° C kugeza 8 ° C, nk'ibikomoka ku mata n'ibikomoka ku nyama.
6. Ubushyuhe bwo mucyumba: 8 ° C kugeza kuri 25 ° C, nk'imboga n'imbuto.
1.2 Ubushyuhe butandukanye kubwoko butandukanye bwibicuruzwa
Ubwoko butandukanye bwibicuruzwa bisaba ubushyuhe butandukanye.Dore ubushyuhe bwibisabwa kubicuruzwa bisanzwe:
1. Ibiryo bishya: Mubisanzwe bigomba kubikwa hagati ya 0 ° C na 4 ° C kugirango bikomeze gushya no kuryoha, mugihe wirinze gukonja cyangwa kwangirika.
2. Ibiryo bikonje: Birakenewe kubikwa no gutwarwa munsi ya -18 ° C kugirango ubuziranenge n'umutekano.
3. Imiti ya farumasi: Saba uburyo bwo kubika no gutwara ibintu, mubisanzwe bibikwa hagati ya 2 ° C na 8 ° C.
4. Amavuta yo kwisiga: Ugomba kubikwa mubushyuhe bukwiye mugihe cyo gutwara kugirango wirinde ubushuhe cyangwa kwangirika, mubisanzwe bibikwa hagati ya 2 ° C na 25 ° C, bitewe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa.
II.Ibipimo bidasanzwe by'ubushyuhe ku nganda zimiti n'ibiribwa
2.1 Gutwara imbeho ikonje
Mu gutwara imiyoboro ikonje ya farumasi, usibye ibisanzwe -25 ° C kugeza kuri -15 ° C, 2 ° C kugeza 8 ° C, 2 ° C kugeza 25 ° C, na 15 ° C kugeza kuri 25 ° C ibisabwa, hari ibindi byihariye ahantu hashyuha, nka:
- ≤-20 ° C.
- -25 ° C kugeza kuri -20 ° C.
- -20 ° C kugeza kuri -10 ° C.
- 0 ° C kugeza kuri 4 ° C.
- 0 ° C kugeza kuri 5 ° C.
- 10 ° C kugeza kuri 20 ° C.
- 20 ° C kugeza kuri 25 ° C.
2.2 Gutwara ibiryo bikonje
Mu gutwara ibiryo bikonje bikonje, usibye ibisanzwe ≤-10 ° C, ≤0 ° C, 0 ° C kugeza 8 ° C, na 0 ° C kugeza kuri 25 ° C ibisabwa ubushyuhe, hari utundi turere twihariye tw’ubushyuhe, nka:
- ≤-18 ° C.
- 10 ° C kugeza kuri 25 ° C.
Ibipimo byubushyuhe byemeza ko imiti n’ibicuruzwa bitwarwa kandi bikabikwa mu bihe bikomeza ubuziranenge n'umutekano.
III.Akamaro ko kugenzura ubushyuhe
3.1 Kugenzura Ubushyuhe bwibiryo
3.1.1 Ubwiza bwibiryo n'umutekano
1. Kugenzura ubushyuhe ni ngombwa mu kubungabunga ubwiza bw’ibiribwa no kubungabunga ubuzima bw’umuguzi.Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe irashobora gutuma mikorobe ikura, kwihuta kwimiti, nimpinduka zumubiri, bigira ingaruka kumutekano wibiribwa nuburyohe.
2. Gushyira mu bikorwa imicungire yubushyuhe mugihe cyo kugurisha ibiribwa birashobora kugabanya neza ibyago byo kwanduza ibiryo.Kubika neza no gutwara ibintu bifasha kubuza gukura kwa bagiteri n’ibindi binyabuzima byangiza, bigatuma ibiribwa bihoraho.. gukumira neza ibiryo byangirika. Ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 5 ° C kugeza kuri 60 ° C ni akarere gashobora guhunika ububiko bwibiryo, cyane cyane mubihe bishyushye, ntibigomba gusigara amasaha arenga 2; ibitswe muri firigo, ntigomba kubikwa igihe kirekire. Mbere yo kuyikoresha, gushyushya birakenewe kugirango ubushyuhe bwikigo cyibiribwa bugere hejuru ya 70 ° C, hamwe nigihe cyo gushyuha gihagije bitewe nubunini, imiterere yubushyuhe, nubushyuhe bwambere bwa ibiryo kugirango ugere kuri sterisizione neza.)
3.1.2 Kugabanya imyanda no kugabanya ibiciro
1. Gucunga neza ubushyuhe birashobora kugabanya igihombo n imyanda iterwa no kwangirika kwibiryo no kwangirika.Mugukurikirana no guhindura ubushyuhe, ubuzima bwibiryo burashobora kongerwa, kugabanya inyungu nigihombo, no kunoza imikorere.
2. Gushyira mu bikorwa imicungire yubushyuhe burashobora kugabanya ibiciro byo gukora.Mugutezimbere gukoresha ingufu mugihe cyo kubika no gutwara no kugabanya ibibazo bishobora gutemba nka firigo, intego zihamye zo gutanga ibikoresho zirashobora kugerwaho.
3.1.3 Ibisabwa n'amategeko no kubahiriza
1. Ibihugu byinshi n’uturere bifite amategeko akomeye yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo kubika no gutwara abantu.Kutubahiriza aya mabwiriza birashobora gutera amakimbirane mu mategeko, igihombo cy’ubukungu, no kwangiza izina ry’isosiyete.
2. Ibigo bicuruza ibiribwa bigomba gukurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga ndetse n’imbere mu gihugu, nka HACCP (Isesengura rya Hazard na Critical Control Points) na GMP (Ibikorwa byiza byo gukora), kugirango umutekano w’ibiribwa ubuziranenge.
3.1.4 Guhaza abakiriya no kumenyekana
1. Abaguzi barasaba cyane ibiryo bishya kandi bifite umutekano.Gucunga neza ubuziranenge bwo hejuru birashobora kwemeza ubwiza nuburyohe bwibiryo mugihe cyo kugabura, bikongerera abakiriya kunyurwa.
2. Gutanga ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bifasha kubaka no gukomeza isura nziza yikirango, kuzamura irushanwa ryisoko, kandi bikurura abakiriya benshi b'indahemuka.
3.1.5 Inyungu zo guhatanira isoko
1. Mu nganda zicuruza ibiribwa bihiganwa cyane, sisitemu yo gucunga neza ubushyuhe ni itandukaniro ryingenzi.Isosiyete ifite ubushobozi buhebuje bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe irashobora gutanga serivisi zizewe kandi zujuje ibyo abakiriya bakeneye.
2. Gucunga ubushyuhe nubundi buryo bukomeye kubacuruza ibiribwa kwerekana udushya twabo mu ikoranabuhanga niterambere rirambye, bigashyiraho inyungu zo guhatanira isoko.
3.1.6 Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije niterambere rirambye
1. Binyuze mu micungire yuzuye yo kugenzura ubushyuhe, ibigo bicuruza ibiribwa birashobora kugabanya gukoresha ingufu zidakenewe hamwe n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, bigahuza n’iterambere rirambye ku isi.
2. Gukoresha firigo zangiza ibidukikije hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ubushyuhe birashobora kurushaho kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije, bifasha ibigo kuzuza inshingano z’imibereho no kuzamura isura yabo.
3.2 Kugenzura Ubushyuhe bwa Farumasi
Imiti ni ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe, kandi ubushyuhe bwabyo bwiza bugira ingaruka ku mutekano wabantu.Mugihe cyo gukora, gutwara, no kubika, ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka nziza kumiti yimiti.Kubika no gutwara bidahagije, cyane cyane kumiti ikonjesha, birashobora gutuma igabanuka ryingirakamaro, kwangirika, cyangwa ingaruka mbi zuburozi.
Kurugero, ubushyuhe bwububiko bugira ingaruka kumiti ya farumasi muburyo butandukanye.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora kugira ingaruka kubice bihindagurika, mugihe ubushyuhe buke bushobora gutuma imiti imwe n'imwe yangirika, nka emulsiya ikonja kandi igatakaza ubushobozi bwa emulisile nyuma yo gushonga.Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe irashobora guhindura imiterere yimiti, bigira ingaruka kuri okiside, kubora, hydrolysis, no gukura kwa parasite na mikorobe.
Ubushyuhe bwo kubika bugira ingaruka cyane kumiterere yimiti.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangwa buke burashobora gutera impinduka zifatika mubwiza bwa farumasi.Kurugero, ibisubizo byinshinge hamwe nibiyobyabwenge bivanga mumazi birashobora gucika iyo bibitswe munsi ya 0 ° C.Ibihugu bitandukanye bya farumasi bihinduka hamwe nubushyuhe, kandi gukomeza ubushyuhe bwiza ni ngombwa kugirango ubuziranenge bufite ireme.
Ingaruka yubushyuhe bwo kubika kubuzima bwa farumasi irakomeye.Ubuzima bubi bivuga igihe ubuvuzi bwa farumasi buguma buhagaze neza mububiko bwihariye.Ukurikije formulaire igereranijwe, kuzamura ubushyuhe bwububiko kuri 10 ° C byongera umuvuduko wimiti inshuro 3-5, kandi niba ubushyuhe bwo kubika buri hejuru ya 10 ° C kurenza uko byagenwe, ubuzima bwubuzima bugabanukaho 1/4 kugeza 1 / 2.Ibi nibyingenzi cyane kubiyobyabwenge bidahamye, bishobora gutakaza imbaraga cyangwa guhinduka uburozi, byangiza umutekano wabakoresha.
IV.Kugenzura-Igihe Cyukuri Kugenzura no Guhindura Ubukonje bukonje
Mu biribwa no mu miti itwara imbeho ikonje, amakamyo akonjesha hamwe nudusanduku twiziritse.Kubicuruzwa binini, amakamyo akonjesha muri rusange ahitamo kugabanya ibiciro byubwikorezi.Kubitumenyetso bito, ubwikorezi bwibisanduku birakenewe, bitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo guhumeka ikirere, gari ya moshi, no gutwara abantu.
- Amakamyo akonjesha: Ibi bifashisha gukonjesha, hamwe na firigo yashizwemo kugirango igabanye ubushyuhe imbere yikamyo.
- Agasanduku gakingiwe: Ibi bikoresha gukonjesha gusa, hamwe na firigo imbere mumasanduku kugirango ikure kandi irekure ubushyuhe, ikomeza kugenzura ubushyuhe.
Muguhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gutwara no gukomeza kugenzura ubushyuhe bwigihe, ibigo birashobora kurinda umutekano nubwiza bwibicuruzwa byabo mugihe gikonje gikonje.
V. Ubuhanga bwa Huizhou muri uru rwego
Huizhou kabuhariwe mu bushakashatsi, iterambere, umusaruro, no kugerageza udusanduku twa insulasi na firigo.Dutanga ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kubika agasanduku ko guhitamo, harimo:
- EPS (Yaguwe Polystirene) Agasanduku k'Isanduku
- EPP (Yaguwe na Polypropilene) Agasanduku k'Ubwishingizi
- Isanduku ya PU (Polyurethane)
- Agasanduku ka VPU (Vacuum Panel Insulation)
- Agasanduku ka Airgel
- VIP (Ikibaho cya Vacuum)
- ESV (Vacuum Yongerewe Imyubakire) Agasanduku k'ubwishingizi
Dutondekanya udusanduku twa insulasiyo dukoresheje inshuro zikoreshwa: gukoresha inshuro imwe no kongera gukoresha udusanduku twinshi, kugirango tubone ibyo abakiriya bakeneye.
Dutanga kandi ibintu byinshi bya firigo kama na organic organique, harimo:
- Urubura rwumye
- Firigo zifite ingingo zihindura icyiciro kuri -62 ° C, -55 ° C, -40 ° C, -33 ° C, -25 ° C, -23 ° C, -20 ° C, -18 ° C, -15 ° C, -12 ° C, 0 ° C, + 2 ° C, + 3 ° C, + 5 ° C, + 10 ° C, + 15 ° C, + 18 ° C, na + 21 ° C
Isosiyete yacu ifite laboratoire ya chimique yo gukora ubushakashatsi no gupima firigo zitandukanye, ikoresha ibikoresho nka DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), viscometer, na firigo hamwe nubushyuhe butandukanye.
Huizhou yashinze inganda mu turere twinshi mu gihugu kugira ngo zuzuze ibisabwa mu gihugu hose.Dufite ibikoresho bihoraho byubushyuhe nubushuhe bwo kugerageza imikorere yimikorere yibisanduku byacu.Laboratoire yacu yipimishije yatsinze ubugenzuzi bwa CNAS (Serivisi ishinzwe kwemerera igihugu gishinzwe ubushinwa).
VI.Inyigo ya Huizhou
Umushinga wo kubika imiti:
Isosiyete yacu ikora udusanduku twongeye gukoreshwa hamwe na firigo zo gutwara imiti.Ubushuhe bwubushuhe bwibisanduku birimo:
- ≤-25 ° C.
- ≤-20 ° C.
- -25 ° C kugeza kuri -15 ° C.
- 0 ° C kugeza kuri 5 ° C.
- 2 ° C kugeza 8 ° C.
- 10 ° C kugeza kuri 20 ° C.
Gukoresha Imashini imwe Yumushinga Agasanduku:
Dukora udusanduku dukoresha inshuro imwe hamwe na firigo zo gutwara imiti.Agace k'ubushyuhe bwa insulation ni ≤0 ° C, gakoreshwa cyane cyane muri farumasi mpuzamahanga
ibicuruzwa.
Umushinga wo gupakira urubura:
Isosiyete yacu ikora firigo zo gutwara ibicuruzwa bishya, hamwe nimpinduka zicyiciro kuri -20 ° C, -10 ° C, na 0 ° C.
Iyi mishinga yerekana ubushake bwa Huizhou bwo gutanga ibisubizo byujuje ubuziranenge, byizewe by’ibikoresho bigenzurwa n’ubushyuhe mu nganda zitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-13-2024